Investigation of high school students' motivation for physical activity participation and eating attitude levels during the COVID-19 period

The aim of this study is to determine the motivation of high school students to participate in physical activity and their eating attitude levels during the COVID-19 period as well as to examine the relationship between the two variables. In addition, it was also determined whether the motivation for participate in physical activity and eating attitudes differ according to gender, weekly exercise, spending time with technology, family communication times, and participation in exercise during and before the pandemic. A total of 576 high school students, including 406 girls and 170 boys, participated in the study. "Motivation Scale for Participation in Physical Activity (MSPPA)", "Eating Attitude Test (EAT-40)" and "Personal Information Form (KBF)" were used as data collection tools. Data were evaluated using correlation, multiple linear regression, MANOVA and t-test analysis techniques. It was concluded that the motivation of the students to participate in physical activity was moderate, and they did not have eating disorders. It was observed that physical activity motivation did not predict eating attitude, but there were positive and low relationships between sub-factors in relational dimension. According to gender, it was determined that the eating attitudes of female students were more positive than male students. It has been found that the motivation to participate in physical activity is higher for those who exercise before and during the pandemic than those who do not. Consequently, it can be said that during the COVID-19 process, high school students' motivation to participate in physical activity is at a moderate level, and their eating attitudes are generally not at the level of behavioral disorders.

Perception of teachers towards on-line education with specific context to hospitality education in India

Background: On-line education in a way was a forced introduction in our education system in wake of COVID-19 pandemic. Teachers as well as students became a part of this shift in education delivery mostly by force and rather by choice. However, in the short run itself it was realised that while shifting to this new-medium has its own challenges it also comes with its own set of advantages. Background: This research paper attempts to study and analyse the perception of teachers in hospitality education towards on-line education. Objective of study is to identify the major challenges and benefits of hospitality education as perceived by faculty members. Methodology: Descriptive research design was employed. The study was conducted by administering a structured questionnaire among faculty members of various IHMs and analysis of data was done. Locale is pan-India reached through google questionnaire method with a sample size of 50 faculty members from different IHMs in the country. Data was analysed with the help of excel tools, bar diagrams and graph. Results: Research revealed that in spite of the sudden paradigm shift in the macro environment faculty members responded well to the challenge of optimising learning for students in an on-line mode. Initially 80% faculty members found this shift challenging but now 80 percent believe that blended learning is future. Assessments and sustaining interest of students however are major challenges with 82 and 84 percent of faculty members respectively agreeing to this being a major issue. Conclusion: Teachers perceive blended learning to be a norm in future. It is perceived that while it's very difficult to impart skill training in an on-line mode, for theoretical classes this could be a preferred mode.

Using Social Media to Build Perceived Mattering of Physical Educators

Social media has become an essential tool in social networking and content sharing. Our professional and personal lives have become inundated with social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. Educators are using these platforms increasingly as a way to remain current with developments in their respective fields. Social media can also support teachers in gaining knowledge, and receiving feedback and building relationships with educators around the world. Despite the prevalence of use within physical education, little research exists to understand how social media might enhance the work of physical educators. Given that physical educators experience marginality in their working environments, we propose that social media may provide a tool that can assist PE teachers in overcoming marginality and potentially increase their levels of perceived mattering. The purpose of this article is to discuss how physical educators can use social media to navigate marginality and increase perceptions of mattering.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical education: adaptability and remote learning experience of the Peruvian American Medical Society

The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on medical care and medical education in Peru. In response, the Peruvian American Medical Society (PAMS), a charitable medical organization based in the USA, pursued its medical and educational missions in Peru by adopting virtual learning technology. We developed closer collaborative relationships with several medical schools and the Peruvian Association of Medical Schools (ASPEFAM) while offering a faculty panel of twenty-four members to provide lectures and multidisciplinary webinars in Spanish. We conducted 19 webinars including COVID -19 and non-COVID-19 related topics that over the last two years attracted 14,489 participants from 23 countries. They were the foundation for twenty publications in Peruvian medical journals. Our clinical investigations competition was positively received as was our pilot project on research mentorship. The COVID -19 pandemic had a positive effect on the educational mission of PAMS in Peru.

Knowledge, attitude, and preventive behavior toward COVID-19 of high school students in Bangkok, Thailand: a study among students in harrow international school

Background: The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has rapidly emerged as a global pandemic that causes millions of deaths worldwide. It is transmitted from person to person by respiratory droplets and could cause fatigue, shortness of breath, and fever. Background: The objective of the study was to assess COVID-19 related knowledge, attitude, and preventive behavior among high school students in Bangkok, Thailand. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using a cross sectional online survey among HarrowA's students Y 12A-13. A total of 148 students participated. COVID-19-related knowledge, attitudes toward COVID-19, and preventive behaviors were assessed. Differences between outcomes and socio-demographic were analyzed through independent t-test and the Analysis of variance. Preventive behaviors were analyzed by a generalized linear model. Results: The undergraduate students showed a low knowledge about COVID-19, a mean of 6.38 (standard deviation [SD] = 1.69) questions in a total of 11. However, the result showed a standard level of attitude toward preventive behaviors on COVID-19 with an average score of 47.51 from a score range of 14A-70 (SD = 4.45). Finally, preventive behaviors of participants were at a moderate level with an average score of 36.84 from a range from 12 to 60 (SD = 3.93). The data showed a statistically significant positive correlation between attitude toward preventive behavior on COVID-19 and COVID-19 preventive behavior (r = 0.351**, P = 0.01). From a generalized linear model, attitude toward preventive behavior on COVID-19 (Exp (B) = 0.394, Confidence interval [CI]: 0.212A-.485, P < 0.05) and Gender (Exp (B) = 0.203, 95%, CI: 0.376A-2.807, P < 0.05) can be a predictive factor for the preventive behavior of Harrow International school students. Conclusions: The results assessed that Harrow international students had a lower level of COVID-19 general knowledge, but moderate level of attitude and preventive behavior. Moreover, it indicates that there is a causal relationship between attitude toward COVID-19 and preventive behaviors. Thus, attitudes toward COVID-19 are a major predictive factor of having preventive behaviors. Therefore, school and parents should always build awareness and provide safety to the students and remind students with rules that should be followed to secure them from risking of COVID-19.

Implementation of the healthy school construction plan to promote students' health and well-being

With the development of society, the health and well-being of children and adolescents are receiving increasing attention from the government and scholars. The implementation of the health (promoting) school construction plan has a significant effect on promoting students' health and well-being, which is especially important in the normalized stage of COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control. The study summarizes the importance of health (promoting) schools for students' health and well-being, reviews the development of health (promoting) school construction in China, and proposes countermeasures and recommendations to further promote health (promoting) school construction in China in the light of the new era.

Identifying Optimal Approaches for Sustainable Maritime Education and Training: Addressing Technological, Environmental, and Epidemiological Challenges

Maritime education and training (MET) for seafarers who operate ships has struggled to flexibly adapt to technological and environmental changes. In particular, as social demand for online MET arose due to COVID-19, the need for sustainable MET beyond traditional teaching methods grew exponentially. In order to identify the most optimal MET methods among face-to-face and online methods, this study reviewed the concepts and applications of existing MET methods, grouped them using a fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, and supplemented this structure through a designed survey. The results showed that the online methods had the greatest weight, and the "XR (extended reality) within the metaverse" teaching method had the highest priority. This study identified which MET methods should be prepared for the post-COVID era through quantitative analysis. We confirmed the need for attention to XR within the metaverse as a field of online methods in the future. Furthermore, our findings reveal that online education platforms via metaverse-based "expansion" and "connection" are needed, and pave the way for future research to expand empirical studies on MET satisfaction regarding existing International Maritime Organization model courses.

COVID-19: Adapting to change, general surgery at a district general hospital in the United Kingdom

The Coronavirus pandemic has caused major change across the world and in the National Health Service. In order to cope and help limit contagion, numerous institutions recognised the need to adjust clinical practice quickly yet safely. In this paper, we aim to describe the changes implemented in a general surgery department at a district general hospital in the United Kingdom. Across the surgical specialties, frameworks, protocols and guidelines have been established locally and nationally. The aerosol generating procedures involved in general surgery required us to alter our daily activities. Modifications to patient management were necessary to try and reduce viral spread. Staff wellbeing was heavily promoted in order to help maintain the frontline workforce. A holistic approach was required.

COVID-19 vaccine uptake among clinical medical students in Enugu, Nigeria

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic shook the world, claimed a lot of lives, incapacitated many, and forced majority of the world into a lockdown. Vaccination is the key strategy to tackling the virus. Objectives: To ascertain the level of vaccination and the difficulties associated with vaccination, among clinical medical students in Enugu, South-East Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A multistage sampling was used to select 160 respondents while questionnaires (hard and soft copy) were administered to the participants. The IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences was used for data entry and data analysis. Results: There was a poor (16.3%) knowledge, negative perception (66.3%), and poor uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine (20.6%). There were statistically significant relationships between vaccination status, knowledge of vaccine, age, and perception of the vaccine (P=0.000) as well as between level of training and vaccine perception (P=0.03). Conclusion: There was very low level of COVID-19 vaccination in the study population that may be attributable to the low knowledge of the vaccine and the high negative perception. The rush to development of the vaccine, possible side effects, and possible long-term complications may be contributory to the poor uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine among the study respondents.

Investigation of the change in the physical activity levels of students when the curfew was applied during the COVID-19 pandemic period

It is important to develop approaches to encourage physical activity so that people can lead a healthy life. This study was conducted to compare the physical activity status of students during the Covid-19 pandemic period when the curfew was applied and the restriction was not applied. The sample group of the study consisted of a total of 254 participants, 108 women and 146 men, studying at Tekirdag Namik Kemal University Faculty of Sport Sciences. In the study, the International Physical Activity-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) was used to determine the physical activity status of individuals. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Paired Sample T Test were applied to compare the analysis of the variables of individuals by gender, before and during the curfew. In this study, the level of significance was accepted as p<0.05. According to the results obtained, students' vigorous physical activities before and during restraint (p<0.05;2:494), walking (p<0.05;2:354) and total physical activity (p <0.05;2: 541) parameters were found to be significantly different. It was determined that there was a significant difference between the parameters of walking (p<0.05;2:411) and total physical activity (p<0.05;2:377) of female students before and during the restraint. Between the parameters of vigorous physical activities before and during restraint (p<0.05;2:13.499), walking (p <0.05;2:312) and total physical activity (p<0.05;2:669) of male students was found to be a significant difference. As a result, it was determined that the total physical activity levels of the students decreased significantly when the curfew was applied.

Can COVID-19 guide stakeholders towards future of hospitality education? A study on students' expectations from training with reference to hotel management institutes in Mumbai

Background: Barring few sectors like healthcare, the COVID-19 pandemic had severely affected most of the business. Tourism and hospitality were amongst few industries harshly hit by the pandemic. In hospitality worst affected segment of HR were 'freshers' from hotel management institutes. With literally no experience and limited skills they have very few takers in industry with minimum emoluments in offering. Objectives: The prime objective of this paper is to find out the change in the perceptions of students from hospitality education after COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: This is survey-based study. The responses were taken twice with same set of respondents, first when peak of second COVID wave was over and it looked that things will be normal in near future and second responses were taken when third COVID wave seemed to be inevitable in India. Total 135 students took part in both the surveys and their responses were recorded for further analysis. Results: Pandemic compelled students to think outside their usual choice of four major revenue producing department to commence their career. Marketing and sales, retail industry, HR and training were their preferred choice. Communication and technical skills, physical fitness, creativity and food safety were the attributes listed by them as essential for hospitality professionals. Further, respondents wanted subjects like personality development and communication skills, hotel specific accounting and marketing operations. HRM as practiced in hotel industry, food safety and hospital catering and investments and trading as core subjects in their syllabi. Conclusion: It is high time that hotel management institutes should shift their approach from four operational departments to other equally lucrative field like marketing and retail.

Impact of training on employee satisfaction and change management: a pragmatic study with special reference to employees working in luxury hotels of Mumbai

Background: It was always a challenge for hotel industry to find and retain skilled manpower and most of the hotels depend on in-house training programme to train and develop the employees as per their requirement. It is easy for hotels to retain staff if they are well-trained, they enjoy their work and are satisfied with workplace. COVID-19 pandemic presented one more challenge to hotel industry i.e., to embrace changes as per the expectations of market. Objectives: The main objectives of the study were to find out the impact of training towards employee satisfaction and change management. To establish the influence of employee satisfaction towards change management. Methodology: The factors shortlisted towards employee satisfaction were rewards, nature of work, supervision, benefits, work environment and co-workers. Factors identified for change management were strategic success, technological changes, effective systematic plan, communication, environment for change and change management. The research design for this paper was descriptive. The study was conducted for employee working in four major revenue producing operational departments. Total 16 hotels of city of Mumbai were approached for data collection. Due diligence was taken to collect data from different demographic profiles such as ownership pattern of hotels, department and experience of employees, their qualifications etc. Total 165 samples were collected. Data was corroborated using Cronbach's alpha and hypotheses were validated using correlation and compare means one-way ANOVA tests with the help of SPSS software. Result: Main findings of study were that nature of work and supervision had moderate effect on work environment. Benefits, rewards and co-workers showed strong correlation. Co-workers and work environment strongly impacted employee satisfaction. Strategic success, environment for change and communication significantly affected change management. Conclusion: Training was found to have significant relationship with employee satisfaction and change management. Employee satisfaction had significant association with change management. However technological change and effective systematic plan (factors of change management) were not significantly associated.

Strategic management and organizational culture of medical device companies in relation to corporate performance.

AIMS: Strategies focus on securing the competitiveness of medical device corporations by strengthening their organizational capabilities, which, in turn, ensure their continuous development. This study aims to investigate both management strategies and organizational culture, which may affect the performance of these companies, and analyzes the influence of education and training investment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used data from the 3rd to 6th Human Capital Corporate Panel surveys by the Korea Research Institute for Vocational Education and Training as well as data from the Korea Information Service and 6,112 workers and 260 companies were analyzed. For the analysis, management strategy and organizational culture were set as independent variables, and corporation performance was set as the dependent variable. Additionally, investment in education and training was set as a control variable between the independent and dependent variables. Corporate performance was analyzed by dividing into organizational satisfaction and organizational commitment. RESULTS: Differentiation strategy and innovative culture had a positive (+) effect on organizational satisfaction, while cost leadership strategy and hierarchical culture had a negative (-) effect. On the other hand, in the case of interaction with education and training investment, cost leadership strategy and hierarchical culture had a positive (+) effect, while differentiation strategy and innovation culture had a negative (-) effect. In organizational commitment, innovation culture had a positive (+) effect, and hierarchical culture had a negative (-) effect. In the case of interaction with investment in education and training, only the hierarchical culture had a positive (+) effect. CONCLUSIONS: The innovation culture positively influenced the performance of medical device companies. Furthermore, cost leadership strategy, hierarchical culture, education and training investment improved the corporate performance of these companies. To enhance corporate performance, these companies should create an innovation culture and invest in education and training in accordance with the organizational culture.

COVID-19 has proven the excellence of Korea's medical devices, and the medical device industry is expected to continue to grow due to the increase in chronic disease and non-face-to-face treatment. However, the current medical device industry is monopolized by global companies with capital and technological prowess. To overcome this, Korean medical device companies are developing innovative medical devices centered on start-ups, but now is the time to strategically respond to them in order to compete with global companies. In general, companies establish management strategies for survival and growth by analyzing threats and opportunities based on the market environment to maintain the optimal organization according to market competition, government policies, and changes in consumer needs. Strategies are often established based on the culture of the organizations that make up the company. When it comes to strategy establishment, the medical device industry has special characteristics compared to other industries. The medical device industry is based on advanced technology and puts patient safety first, requiring continuous product upgrades. Therefore, it is an essential industry for employees to invest in education and training. The analysis shows the effectiveness of investment in education and training according to the management strategy and organizational culture of medical device companies. It was confirmed that when medical device companies create an Innovation culture, their performance improves. It also shows that when medical device companies adopt a cost leadership strategy, they need to increase their investment in education and training to improve corporate performance.

Nurses' preparedness to respond to COVID-19 and associated factors after the outbreak in China.

AIM: Nurses are key staff in the response to the COVID-19 epidemic. The aim of present study was to assess Chinese clinical nurses' preparedness levels for COVID-19 after the outbreak, as well as the associated demographic factors. DESIGN: The design was a cross-sectional survey. METHODS: We distributed an online questionnaire to nurses from five eastern coastal area hospitals. The questionnaire collected demographic information, and included the nurses' preparedness to respond to COVID-19 questionnaire (NPR COVID-19). RESULTS: The total mean NPR COVID-19 score was 200.99 (standard deviation = 33.60), and the psychological approaches subscale had the lowest mean score. Education and training were positively associated with the NPR COVID-19 score. Nurses' characteristics, such as seniority, job category and educational level, were entered into the NPR COVID-19 regression model, and seniority (≤5 years) showed the strongest negative association with NPR COVID-19 scores (standard coefficient = -0.20). CONCLUSIONS: Chinese nurse's preparedness to respond to COVID-19 was adequate. Nurses with less than 5 years of work experience, nursing researchers and diploma-educated nurses reported feeling a low preparedness to respond to COVID-19. These nurses should receive specific training.

Managing health education during the COVID-19 pandemic: the RCSI Bahrain experience

The pandemic of Coronavirus disease- 2019 (COVID-19) introduced great challenges to the higher education sector and at the same time opened the door for future opportunities. This review aims to present the experience of Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-Medical University of Bahrain in managing teaching and learning during COVID-19 pandemic. In response to the pandemic, the university implemented several initiatives in ensuring that final year students graduate on time and quality of assessment in a fully digitised environment. The guiding principle for the university as the examination were redesigned, was to ensure that they remained valid to ensure students could demonstrate achievements of the core learning outcomes and be safely assessed as competent graduates. In achieving these goals, the university has well-developed formal and informal mechanisms to ensure the student voice is heard and listened to, and it was of paramount importance to ensure that this was continued and enhanced during these times. While university was successful in managing this unprecedented situation, more work must be done on analysing the author's experience, and that of others, to implement the needed changes to ensure student access to learning, without compromising their safety or that of the staff. The university sees the current impetus to provide education through technology enhanced learning as an opportunity to expand and diversify learning opportunities and resources for students. In universities such as ours, which has only healthy subjects, practice become essential components of the programme, making a blended model of face-to-face and online delivery the ideal fit.

COVID-19 online learning and its impact on the level of understanding among undergraduate nursing and physiotherapy first-year students

Background: COVID-19 brought drastic changes and impacts on students around the world. Most of the students moved from face-to-face studies into online learning and that's badly impacts their level of learning, regarding using online learning as a model and tool for learning. To know the level of understanding of students in online learning, to explore hinder factors in online learning, and to know the student's attitude towards online learning methods, we did this study. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in two of the private medical universities in Karachi. Data was collected through a well-defined structured questionnaire from 225 respondents after taking consent and data was analyzed through by statistical package for social sciences SPSS. T-test was used for analysis. The duration of the study was 4 weeks. Results: 89.3% of the student's studies were affected due to online learning during COVID-19. The level of learning and understanding of 52% of the students were average, 18.7% of the student's level of learning and understanding was poor and 29.3% of student's level of understanding was good. The hinder factors during online learning were, 80.4% of the students were internet issues, 76.4% of students were voice/listening issues, and 74.2% of the students were facing an electric shutdown issue. Student's attitudes toward online learning was in that way that 52.4% of students said that online learning is not effective and 47.6% of students did not agree. 34.7% of the student's overall online learning experience were average, 25.8% of the students were below average, 6.7% students were poor, and 32.9% of students were a good experience. 56.9% of students said that they will not recommend online learning. Conclusion: Online teaching has a negative impact on the level of learning and understanding of students. Internet issues, voice/listening, and electric shutdown are the hinder factors for online learning. Student's attitudes toward online learning was also negative and students were not preferred online Learning.

Challenges Faced in Treating COVID Patients and Lessons Learnt

Treatment of COVID-19 patients is an immense administrative as well as clinical challenge. The setting up of a dedicated COVID-19 care centre within a short time span, adequate manpower deployment, healthcare worker education and training, provision of facilities for donning and doffing and waste disposal were some of the unique administrative problems. On the other hand, as clinicians we faced enormous hurdles in attempting to treat a disease on which there was no established knowledge and no defined, well-proven treatment protocols and which could strike anyone, anywhere in myriad ways. Coupled with this difficulty in diagnosis and treatment was the challenge of serving COVID-19 patients of every age and clinical requirement, under one roof. Healthcare workers faced a tough time, handling physical discomfort while working for long hours in PPE, along with the fear and apprehension of contracting the infection in the line of duty, and carrying it back home. Mental health issues abounded, both amongst the patients and their caregivers, due to heightened fear, anxiety and loneliness. We share our experience in dealing with the pandemic, the administrative and clinical challenges we faced and some of the ways we overcame them. We further share some of the insights we gleaned from this experience, which may help in better preparation for the future. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.

Elite-level coaches' coping: stress appraisal and COVID-19

The current study investigated 97 Norwegian elite-level coaches' appraisal of working as a coach during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the predictive outcomes of these cognitive processes. The participants were part of a Norwegian coach education program carried out by the Norwegian Olympic Sport Center (NOSC). The results in the current study show that the coaches appraised their work during the pandemic as controllable-by-self, as a challenge, as controllable-by-others, and stressful. The regression analysis showed that challenge and controllable-by-self were unique and positive significant predictors of the coaches' subjective performance, and that controllable-by-self was the strongest predictor of the two. Appraising the situation as uncontrollable-by-anyone was also a significant positive predictor of coaches' subjective performance in the step 2 of the regression analysis, and not coaches' exhaustion level as hypothesized. Threat appraisals were found to significant predict coaches' exhaustion level at the first step of the regression analysis, whereas controllable-by-self was the strongest negative significant predictor for coaches' exhaustion. The results indicate that controllable-by-self appraisals play a particular role in preventing burnout and inducing performance in elite coaches when they face stressors such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

Knowledge and attitude about emerging coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among dental public health students in Thailand

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was an emerging disease outbreak. Now a pandemic, it continues to threaten public health around the world. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among students of the Bachelor of Public Health program in the dental public health program at the Sirindhorn College of Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani, Faculty of Public Health and Allied Health Sciences, Praboromarajchanok Institute, Thailand from May to June 2021. Our participants included 102 students. The data were collected via a self-administered, online questionnaire. We analysed the data using descriptive statistics and also computed the independent t-test to understand the relationship between variables. Results: We found that the participants were primarily female (96.1%). The students were in their first year (35.3%), second year (33.3%) and third year (31.8%) of study. Their average age was 22 years old. Most of them had no underlying disease (96.1%). A majority of the participants (67.7%) reported that their knowledge of COVID-19 was at a moderate. Attitudes toward COVID-19 were at a moderate level (88.2%). There was a statistically significant difference in the mean knowledge scores compared with and without a coexisting disease. The mean scores for attitude towards COVID-19 were statistically significant differences between gender and the participants with and without coexisting. Conclusion: To encourage promoting knowledge about COVID-19 and the attitude to protect themselves from infection, we should prioritize health promotion and health education about COVID-19 among students.

Creation of Virtual Reality for Education Purposes

Virtual reality systems have been developed primarily for the entertainment sector. However, they are being increasingly considered as high potential tools for use in industry and education. In this context, schools are now facing a challenge to introduce virtual-reality-supported teaching into their processes. With this in mind, the authors, in their paper, focus on the possibility for using virtual excursions as part of vocational education and training. For this purpose, they analyze the suitability and usability of selected virtual reality systems, as well as relevant camera systems, for the creation of virtual reality software products designed for industrial practice in upper secondary vocational schools' apprenticeships (vocational education and training). The main results of their analyses are summarized in the form of tabularized SWOT parameters.